Greenhouse technology, drip irrigation technology and no tillage direct seeding technology are widely used in the agriculture park.
drip irrigation is a water-saving irrigation technology which was invented by Israel Smaha Borras and his father in the last century 60's. This kind of technology is through the trunk, branch and capillary emitter, to drop water to the soil slowly in low pressure; it is an irrigation system directly to supply filtered water and fertilizer or other chemical agent to the soil of the plant root. It did not have spray water or ditch water, let the water slowly trickle out, and watered into the soil in the role of gravity and capillary. The water near the root makes the soil in the main root zone of the crop often maintains the optimum water content. This is a kind of advanced irrigation method. Drip irrigation technology can not only save a lot of water resources, but also can improve crop yield.
1, Argentina cultivated high-quality grapes with drip irrigation technology.
Argentina is an important wine producing country, in the area of Western Andean foothills 800-1000 meters, the soil and climate change is very suitable for grape growing, but sometimes due to the lack of rainfall, local vineyard owners successfully planted quality grapes with drip irrigation technology.
The technology needs invest a lot at beginning, but it has obvious advantages in the subsequent production, cost and environmental protection. First, drip irrigation rarely evaporates, it is helpful to control the surface temperature and humidity, and it can ensure the normal growth environment of the grape. Secondly, drip irrigation can save water and protect the soil. At an altitude of 1000 meters of Argentina, the people planted the quality grapes on the slope which are enough to be comparable with the Bordeaux region of France.
We often use flood irrigation mode, this is in fact the most unreasonable, on one hand, it is a waste of water resources; on the other hand, it is easy to lead soil compaction and salinization.
2, Russia uses drip irrigation technology to plant vegetables.
To plant vegetables with Israel's drip irrigation technology not only save a lot of production costs, but also improve2-3 times output.
Greenhouse planting technology
Concept: what is green house? It can be light, heat preservation (or heating), used to plant facilities. In the season that is not suitable for plant growth, it can provide the growth period and increase production, and it is more suitable for low temperature seasons like warm vegetables, flowers, trees and other plant cultivation or breeding.
1, Holland's greenhouse farming industry
The scale and efficiency of greenhouse planting in Holland are the best in the world.
Holland's greenhouse is divided into two kinds at room temperature 17 degrees Celsius for the session, under the boundaries is low temperature greenhouse, it is mainly planting vegetables; above the boundaries is the high temperature greenhouse, it is mainly planting flowers and indoor plants, etc.. The heating methods of these two kinds of greenhouses are different.
2. Japan's Tomato greenhouse.
Japan's fruit beauty company's tomato greenhouse is very large, and people are working by a bicycle. The interior of the greenhouse environment is entirely controlled by computer, you only need to press the button if the plants are needed to be watering and fertilizing. Tomato plants are using traction technology, the longest can grow up to 15 meters. The greenhouse is also paved with tracks, so that the people can work in the car.
We use the greenhouse to plant cucumber, tomato, Chinese toon bud and flower.
No-tillage direct seeding cultural technique
Direct seeding method without tillage is a very popular agricultural technology in Argentina. It can not only improve the agricultural output, but also effectively protect the ecological balance of the land, so that it can facilitate the sustainable development of agriculture.
1. The traditional approach: tillage is necessary before sowing seed in the soil, after through the tillage process, the fertility soil will exposure in the sun, and weathering quickly, then followed by rain washed or blown away by the wind. Long term tillage will lead to fertility decline, soil deterioration, soil erosion, environmental damage, etc.. and energy and water consumption is also great.
2. no tillage direct seeding method: with the herbicide to kill the weeds, to plant seeds on the land directly after the last stubble harvest.
3. light planter, with small plow, poke the straw layer, the depth just exposed to soil, sowing the seed on the surface of soil. As the surface soil is covered with straw, so it is generally more humid, and rich in microorganisms, the soil is relatively soft. After the seed germination, the straw layer became the protective layer.
4,Benefit:
(1) No-tillage can increase production. Argentina business show that production is likely to decline in the first two years, with thicker and thicker organic layer which was formed by straw residues, soil microbial reach equilibrium level, soil quality is getting better and better, crop yields will also increase year by year. The straw continues to decay, and continues to provide fertility to the soil.
(2) Reducing soil and water loss, soil deterioration, and protecting the environment. With the straw protective layer, the soil moisture is maintained, and the reduction is not even carried out by artificial irrigation.
(3) Reducing the cost and energy consumption. Because we do not have to invest a lot on energy, large machinery and human, so it saves a lot.
No tillage requires a certain production technology, such as herbicides.
No tillage method also needs to be properly fertilizer.
"What takes from the earth should be used in the earth". Today, Argentina, the United States, Brazil, Canada are in the promotion of no tillage, no tillage cultivation area continues to expand.
Our country is facing the problem of soil deterioration, soil erosion, energy and water consumption, and it is necessary to promote the cultivation of no tillage in the appropriate area.
